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Differential calculus - derivatives |
Derivatives
of basic or elementary functions |
The
derivative of the sine function |
The
derivative of the cosine function |
The
derivative of the exponential function |
The
derivative of the logarithmic function |
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We
use the limit definition |
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to
find the derivative of a function.
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The
derivative of the sine function |
We
use the limit of the
difference quotient to find the
derivative of the function f
(x)
= sin x. |
Let
rewrite the
difference quotient applying the sum to product formula,
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Since,
the derivative is the limit of the difference quotient as h
tends to zero then, |
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Therefore,
if
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f(x)
= sin x |
then |
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The
derivative of the cosine function |
We
use the limit of the
difference quotient to find the
derivative of the function f
(x)
= cos x. |
Let
rewrite the
difference quotient applying the sum to product formula,
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Since
the derivative is the limit of the difference quotient as h
tends to zero then, |
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Therefore,
if
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f
(x)
= cos x |
then |
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The
derivative of the exponential function |
Let
use the limit of the
difference quotient to find the
derivative of the function f
(x)
= ax. |
Since
the
difference quotient is
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then,
the derivative as the limit of the difference quotient as h
tends to zero |
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That
is, by plugging t
= ah -
1, then t
®
0
as h ®
0,
and
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Therefore,
if
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f
(x)
= ax |
then |
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or
when the base a
is substituted by the natural base e
obtained is the exponential function ex,
thus
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if
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f
(x)
= ex |
then |
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The
derivative of the logarithmic function |
Let's
use the limit of the
difference quotient to find the
derivative of the function f
(x)
= loga x. |
The
difference quotient applied to the given function |
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As
the derivative is the limit of the difference quotient as h
tends to zero, then
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Then, applying the base
change identity and substituting a
= e |
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if
f
(x)
= loga x |
then |
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if
f
(x)
= ln x |
then |
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